Global Warming and Geomorphology Essay

In his article â€Å"Global Warming and Geomorphology†, David K. C. Jones endeavors to recognize the fate and melancholy forecasts encompassing and offer an increasingly practical way to deal with the impacts that environmental change will have on the land and biosphere parts of the planet and explicitly on the British Isles. Atmosphere vacillation dependent on the nearness of alleged ozone harming substances has been happening for the vast majority of the last topographical period. At issue, be that as it may, are a few factors that have not been considered in past times of fast environmental change remembering the effect of humankind for ozone depleting substances and humanity’s information on its effect (Jones, 124). This information on humanity’s sway on geomorphology can be utilized for either gain in the coming worldwide change or can be utilized to prompt Judgment day expectations. Jones hypothesizes that geomorphologic change may have happened this quickly in the British Isles toward the finish of the last ice age, yet that since mankind didn't know about it or could basically react to the progressions as they occurred, present day man may have a bit of leeway to ensure his condition. The issue with the information that mankind has influenced worldwide environmental change is that it additionally brings up the amount we don't have a clue. The creator talks about this as far as regionalization, the possibility that some worldwide impacts of environmental change will just influence certain locales. The impacts he distinguished as possibilities were: (I) The probability of disastrous results; (ii) The possible dispersion of ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ inside an economy, both over space and through time; (iii) Whether victors and washouts can be dependably distinguished through improved displaying in adequate opportunity to permit viable approach detailing; (iv) Evaluation of the expenses and advantages of climatic change avoidance contrasted with those produced by reacting with changed atmosphere through alteration; and (v) Evaluation of the expenses of endeavoring to keep up business as usual contrasted with oversaw adjustment with changing ecological conditions. † (Jones, 126) basically, Jones start his contention by saying that it is the financial variables of an unnatural weather change which may be more destroying to mankind than the real physical changes on the planet. Much ado, he says, has been made about the impact the ascending of the mean ocean level on the planet could have in regions, for example, Bangladesh, where 9 percent of the populace would be influenced by a rising ocean level, making a huge number of atmosphere exiles or in Egypt, where the country could lose as much as 15 percent of its farmland to rising water (Jones, 127). None of these elements undermines the presence of humankind, yet they do compromise life as we probably am aware it. Changes in climate designs, top soil disintegration and precipitation could effectsly affect rural creation, for example, which may majorly affect the world’s economy, yet it is probably not going to have such an expansive impact as to deliver worldwide food deficiencies. Jones doesn't totally refute the possibility that mankind could confront critical results related with worldwide environmental change, however he contends that they are bound to be financial than physical. (127). In any case, Jones additionally contends that the capacity to foresee the effect of a worldwide temperature alteration on geomorphology and the biosphere is fairly constrained. In particular, he guarantees that: â€Å"Predicting changes in the barometrical creation of ozone depleting substances stays hazardous as a result of vulnerability as to existing sources, pathways, motions and stores of the different gases included, joined with troubles of assessing future examples of human information sources (Houghton et al. , 1990, 1992; DOE, 1991; Wigley and Raper, 1992) ; 2 Climate is the incredible integrator and, in this way, mirrors a tremendous scope of impacts, both worldwide and extra-earthbound, some normal others human-actuated, working at different fleeting and spatial scales. Both distinguishing and foreseeing the impacts of ozone harming substances are, in this manner, amazingly troublesome; 3 The connection between ozone depleting substances and climatic boundaries isn't straightforward in view of both positive and negative criticism components, step-wise changes coming about because of the presence of edge conditions, collaborations, and the perplexing impact of the seas and their dissemination designs ; 4 Predicting change remains hampered by absence of information with respect to framework boundaries (e. g. sea climate coupling) and the magnificent greatness of the registering task required by the most refined models. † (Jones, 126-127) Perhaps the most significant piece of the postulation that Jones is attempting to make is that once we have acknowledged that an unnatural weather change is influenced by human activity, we should in this manner acknowledge that we can influence how critical that environmental change will be. In particular, Jones discusses the expected effect of activities taken to moderate an unnatural weather change including endeavors to diminish the creation of ozone harming substances and activities taken with respect to soil move which is probably going to happen quickly during the temperature increment. Endeavors to examine sea shore disintegration, bluff disintegration and influences on deltas and coral islands ought to underscore what moves can be made to diminish the impact of rising sea levels. Any move at that point made to endeavor to control these powers of natures will substantially affect the result identified with those atmosphere changes. The main thing I saw about this article is that it was distributed almost 15 years back, making a portion of its fundamental suppositions rather old. For instance, Jones examines the gigantic PC power expected to play out the mind boggling projections identified with climate designs and an Earth-wide temperature boost. While it is conceivable that this constraint was viewed as an extreme one out of 1993, the fast extension of PC handling power implies that later glances at an unnatural weather change can endeavor to break down climate related information and gather likelihood dependent on those history designs. Moreover, the PC models can be nitty gritty and talk about explicit anticipated sea levels in singular urban communities or countries and over a particular time period. Never again is it only a disastrous case that the ocean levels will rise, yet it is a particular case with respect to how much water will be the place. The second thing I saw about this article was that it was distributed amidst a portion of the most exceedingly awful flooding in present day United States history, the incredible surge of 1993 on the Mississippi River. Flood levels that year came to past the 100-year-floodplain and touched off inquiries regarding the impacts of changing climate designs on agribusiness and populace focuses in the focal United States. From that point forward, we have seen significant flooding along a few significant streams in the United States including the Rio Grande, the Missouri River and the Ohio River, while simultaneously observing the Colorado River experience the ill effects of tremendous dry season conditions, making an absence of consumable water for significant western American urban communities. On the British Isles, we as of late watched monstrous flooding along the Thames River and related passing and devastation. Effectively, only 15 years after Jones’ article, we are considering the to be of an Earth-wide temperature boost as climate designs move causing record heat waves in Europe, killing hundreds, and movements in the American food delivering states where downpour appears to come at wrong occasions or unseemly sums. Next, I started to consider Jones’ hypothesis that huge worldwide environmental change is principally concerning the vast majority in light of the financial movements it will probably cause. In the event that few nations see their significant yields start to cease to exist in light of an atmosphere move, will we see the food creation belts move further northward and further southward from the equator? What's more, what impact will this have on the tenable segments of the world? As extra regions of the world become named tropical and subtropical, what will be the impact on populace designs? Will locales presently to a great extent gave to populace focuses need to give the land back to agrarian errands? As of now we are seeing the impacts of the worldwide atmosphere move in India and Pakistan. India with around 1 billion individuals doesn't have the natural assets to help its populace, including, however not restricted to, clean water. This adds to the political precariousness of the area as Pakistan and other Indian neighbors face normal mass movement from India. These enormous populace shifts are causing or adding to political hardship around the world. In like manner, as food creation endures in light of the fact that populaces are not, at this point migrant and ready to follow the seasons to fitting developing conditions, it appears to be likely that expanded worldwide hardship will create over the gracefully of normal assets running from deciduous trees to regular grains. Further affecting this is a transition to biofuels as an endeavor to control the creation of ozone depleting substances. Up until now, we have had the option to see that the appeal for grains and sugar stick to be changed over in to ethanol and different biofuels has started to drive up the expense of food stuffs on a universal premise. As some point, the framework will break and individuals will request that they have the option to bear to eat. Maybe the most fascinating bit of Jones’ article is his case that the Armageddon expectations are exaggerated and that environmental change isn't really a disastrous occasion. Despite the fact that it is impossible that human-incited environmental change will be the reason for a termination occasion, it shows up more probable that the monetary and political hardship brought about by the environmental change may cause extreme populace diminishing occasions including restricted fighting or eradication occasions, for example, an atomic showdown. Given the ongoing receipt of the Nobel Peace Prize to American Albert Gore Jr. for his work on advising the general population about a dangerous atmospheric devation, the exercises of Jones’ article are especially opportune. His recommendation that an arrangement for miti

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 15

The board - Essay Example The constitution of Italy was embraced in 1947, after a choice on 2 June 1946 that canceled the Italian government and set up Italy as a parliamentary republic. The constitution produced results January 1, 1948. The 1948 constitution made the situation of President to satisfy the stylized jobs of the Italian government. The nation is separated into districts, territories and regions. The are 20 districts, which are partitioned into 95 provinces.â For a significant long time Australia and Italy has great relations with one another which are supported by solid network ties which has prompted the improvement of solid exchange and venture and social connections among the two nations. Numerous respective understandings have been finished up among Australia and Italy covering numerous zones, for example, culture, twofold tax assessment, air administrations, monetary and business collaboration, complementary government disability and human services advantages, and film co-creation. Numerous notices of comprehension (MoUS) have been marked in zones, for example, science and innovation participation, guard materiel, protection industry, engine vehicle wellbeing accreditation, game meat fares and exchange collaboration. The relations between the two nations can be demonstrated by the quantity of significant level visits made by the nation delegates. Outside Minister Alexander Downer visited Rome for reciprocal gatherings with Foreign Minister Massimo D’Alema, the Minister for European Policies and International Trade, Emma Bonino, and the Minister for the Interior Giuliano Amato.â An Australian Parliamentary Delegation headed by President of the Senate, Senator the Hon Paul Calvert, visited in 2005, and met with the Italian Presiding officers. The Speaker of the House of Representatives, Neil Andrew, met his Italian partner Pierferdinando Casini in Rome throughout the mid year of 2003. The Prime Minister, John Howard, visited Italy in July 2002, meeting at that point

A Study Of The Life And Career Of Lord Alfred Tennyson and Selected Cri

A Study Of The Life And Career Of Lord Alfred Tennyson What's more, Selected Criticism Of His Works       Regardless of whether an individual likes or abhorrences crafted by Lord Alfred Tennyson, most would concur that he was one of the most persuasive scholars of his timeframe. Tennyson experienced childhood in an affluent family never needing for anything. English creator regularly viewed as the central agent of the Victorian age in verse. Tennyson succeeded Wordsworth as Poet Laureate in 1850; he was named by Queen Victoria and served 42 years. Tennyson's works were melancholic, and reflected the good and scholarly estimations of his time, which made them particularly powerless for later pundit.      Alfred, Lord Tennyson was conceived in Somersby, Lincolnshire. His dad, George Clayton Tennyson, a pastor and minister, experienced sorrow and was famously absentminded. Alfred started to compose verse at an early age in the style of Lord Byron. Subsequent to burning through four despondent years in school he was mentored at home. Tennyson at that point learned at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he joined the abstract club 'The Apostles' and met Arthur Hallam, who turned into his nearest companion. The undergrad society examined contemporary social, strict, logical, and scholarly issues. Energized by 'The Apostles', Tennyson distributed Sonnets, CHIEFLY LYRICAL, in 1830, which incorporated the well known 'Mariana'. He gone with Hallam on the Continent. By 1830, Hallam had gotten connected with to Tennyson's sister Emily. After his dad's demise in 1831 Tennyson came back to Somersby without a degree.      His next book, POEMS (1833), got negative surveys, and Tennyson stopped to distribute for about ten years. Hallam kicked the bucket abruptly on the equivalent year in Vienna. It was an overwhelming hit to Tennyson. He started to compose 'Im Memorian' for his lost companion - the work took seventeen years. A changed volume of Sonnets, which incorporated 'The Lady of Shalott' and 'The Lotus-eaters'. 'Morte d'Arthur' and 'Ulysses' showed up in 1842 in the two-volume POEMS, and set up his notoriety for being an author. In 'Ulysses Tennyson depicted the Greek after his movements, aching past days: "How dull it is to stop, to make an end,/To rust unburnished, not to sparkle in use!"      After wedding Emily Sellwood, whom he had just met in 1836,... ... heart mix and break, one against the other, with the pitiful inconsistency.† 7      As for Tennyson’s other incredible work, â€Å"Idylls of the King†, individuals appeared to give it an a lot more pleasant analysis. Sovereign Albert felt that the sonnets, which he thourghly delighted in, â€Å"rekindle the inclination with which the legends of King Arthur probably motivated the gallantry of old, while the smooth structure where they are given mixes those emotions the milder tone of our present age.† 8      Tennyson’s other well known works include: â€Å"The Princess†, â€Å"Maud† and â€Å"Drama† . These are only a couple of his sonnets Tennyson composed hundreds in his profession.      It appears that the pundits of Tennyson’s work, either adores it or abhors it there is once in a while a center ground. Most pundits appears to appreciate â€Å"Idylls of the King† and give it much preferred surveys over those of â€Å"In Memoriam† which individuals don’t appear to like so a lot.           Lord Alfred Tennyson (1809-92) was viewed as England's most prominent writer in the last 50% of the nineteenth century. Individuals of all social statuses comprehended furthermore, adored his work.

Leadership Reflection Journal

Authority Reflection Journal What follows is my authority diary. 1. My Leadership Role At the point when I was a young lady around five years of age, I had my first administration experience. I was a piece of a move gathering and was the first in the line, my instructor disclosed to me regular, â€Å"my sweetheart, it is you who should commit no errors, gain proficiency with quite a few stages and afterward practice them over and over, in light of the fact that every other person will basically tail you, and your mix-up would make you as well as every other person in the gathering look bad†. She at that point disclosed to me that solitary individuals who were uncommon were given this significant obligation. Gracious! I just can’t express how upbeat these words caused me to feel, yet much to my dismay what a weight was put on my shoulders. Later as I grew up and was around 10 years of age I was made the class delegate , I was exceptionally content with the trust my educators and schoolmates appeared in me in any case, simultaneously I realized I was respon sible and liable for a great deal of things. This eliminate of my life graphed a great deal of my character .It made me an increasingly certain individual, it made me a person who was not terrified of taking obligations and undertakings, regardless of how testing they may appear. In particular it caused me to understand that occasionally it is responsibility that gets out the best in you. In any case, by the by I was only a young lady who didn't have the foggiest idea about all the stakes of being the pioneer. A long time passed and my post of the class regent transformed into that of the social secretary of my school. As I swore in the obligation of being the social secretary I really wanted to be glad, I really wanted to encounter power. Be that as it may, likewise I was unable to help hearing the echoes in my mind, the echoes of my teacher’s voice, â€Å"remember every other person will basically tail you, and your errors influence the whole group†. At that exact mo ment I understood that authority isn't only the ability to assume individuals to a position they can’t get to on their own†. Along these lines, I took up the duties while others rationalized , and made it my objective to give my school the best of shows, social occasions and celebration nights it had ever seen. This undertaking anyway was difficult be that as it may, I additionally wasn’t a simple loser. I tested myself at each progression and made it a point to be industrious and have constancy in spite of disappointment on occasion. I had dreams, everybody does, except I additionally had the mental fortitude to transform it into the real world. I realized that force defiles at the same time, I continually advised myself that I was here to get marvelousness my shows instead of being overwhelmed by the fabulousness in my post. From the multi year old young lady to a multi year old youthful grown-up as far as I can tell as a pioneer I’ve acknowledged a cert ain something. Here and there, it simply occurs in a moment. We step up. We become a pioneer. We see a way, and we take it .Even when we have no clue where we are going. 2. The Poster As a lord adores his realm, all the individuals in it, each piece of sod that develops on his property, each rock that dwells in its waters. All that is acceptable and all that is awful , all that is solid and all that isn't. Such ought to likewise be the rule of a pioneer, who in his rule thinks about the necessities, wants and objectives of every one of his supporters, and simultaneously additionally rouses them to place in the entirety of their energies to accomplish the normal gathering objective. Likewise one should consistently recollect a lord isn't a ruler without his realm as is valid for the pioneer too. A pioneer is nothing without his supporters, much the same as the ruler, the pioneer may wear the crown however his genuine force lives in the trust put resources into him by his devotees. It is these thoughts that motivate our banner. Our banner delineates the pioneer as a ruler like figure who is quiet and insightful. In the profundity of his eyes can be seen long periods of experience. Our pioneer wears a crown made out of a few people, representing his supporters. This special crown further mirrors our fundamental thought of the intensity of the pioneer being his follower’s backing and trust. Further our banner additionally delineates light emissions jumping out of each follower’s head, with their individual objective composed on it. This was done to put accentuation on the job of a decent pioneer to put significance on singular objectives close by regular gathering objectives. Our banner additionally communicates the individual significance of each part in the gathering. The motto says â€Å"Leadership is the activity of the pioneer yet the voice of the followers†, this also features our principle thought. To take everybody forward is a leader’s dream, yet to work with everybody to accomplish this fantasy, is his test. Our banner is likewise propelled somewhat by the extraordinary mughal head AKBAR, who in his court ha d nine unique clergymen broadly called the â€Å" Nav Ratnas†. No strategy in the realm was actualized without the agreement of these nine individuals. The â€Å"Nav Ratnas† were King Akbar’s most noteworthy counselors. It is said that ruler Akbar and his nine pastors would contend for a considerable length of time together before settling on an official choice on any significant issue in the realm. The consequence of such an excess of, King Akbar had the option to advance secularism in a realm where muslim’s and hindu’s battled constantly. He was additionally given the title of â€Å"THE GREAT â€Å", and till today is one of the most adored rulers of the Indian sub-landmass. Our gathering after a ton of conceptualizing and considering instances of extraordinary pioneers, for example, King Akbar, arrived at the finish of putting together our banner with respect to the pioneer â€follower relationship. Thus our banner yells so anyone can hear o ur thought, of the intensity of the pioneer really being the trust put resources into him by his supporters. 3. The Quote Change, we dont like it, we dread it, however cant prevent it from coming. We either adjust to change or we get left behind. Furthermore, it damages to develop, anyone who discloses to you it doesnt is lying. Be that as it may, heres reality: The more things change, the more they remain the equivalent. Furthermore, in some cases change is acceptable. Goodness, some of the time change is everything. I initially heard these words on the T.V show Grey’s Anatomy, and since the time they have been similar to my controlling blessed messenger. Directly from when I was a young lady, I have tended to get significantly appended to individuals, things and spots. I have consistently opposed change. Be that as it may, â€Å"change† is probably the best truth of life and I realize I need to figure out how to manage it. We as a whole have shortcomings at the same time, boldness lies in beating them. This errand, anyway troublesome it may appear, certain things help make it simpler. Fo r me these words turned into my pixie god mother, and helped me manage change at whatever point it remained before me prepared to break me from the back to front. I still can’t overlook the day of my school goodbye, I remained there quiet, rewinding all the great recollections. Destroys filled my eyes and a feeling of extraordinary misfortune filled my heart. I would not like to relinquish my companions, my instructors and that school building where I had gone through 14 years of my life. I glanced around and saw all others additionally had tears in their eyes, however the distinction among them and me was the grin they all wore all the rage. At that point it abruptly unfolded upon me the grin on their appearances was the desire for a fresh start, the expectation of a more promising time to come and a stride ahead towards their fantasies. I understood at that exact second that my tears were not a direct result of all the great recollections I would abandon, but since of the d read of taking on obligations of a grown-up. I would not like to grow up, after all there is nothing superior to the life of a youngster, liberated from all the shackles of the genuine grown-up world. In any case, I had dreams in my heart as well and I realized these fantasies were greater than my dread, I realized I needed to challenge my feelings of dread and make the push forward throughout everyday life. I realized I needed to relinquish the past so as to embrace current circumstances and have awesome dreams and plans about what's to come. I needed to be recalled long after I was gone, and I needed to have any kind of effect to this world. This was my fantasy and I knew I just had one life to full fill it. I needed to beat my feelings of dread and all the obstacles on my street to progress. The greatest one as of now was the acknowledgment of progress. It is said the initial step to beat your shortcoming is to make sense of it. I knew my shortcoming and I had my useful tidbits r esounding in my psyche over and over. The initial step was taken and the rest would without a doubt follow. To finish up I would just say this course has genuinely been an edifying encounter.

Eulogy on Deadly Unna by Phillip Gwynne Essay Example For Students

Tribute on Deadly Unna by Phillip Gwynne Essay Tribute for Dumby Red As all of you realize we are accumulated here today to impart our last minutes to Dumby Red. My name is Gary Black, they call me blackly down at the point. I am amazingly regarded to be here among every one of you to discuss Dumby, notwithstanding in the event that I wouldn’t have meet Dumby I would not have had the boldness to come talk before every one of you. Dumby was the companion who helped me make me fully aware of the most significant things throughout everyday life. He was and consistently will be a fantastic companion, amazing child, sibling, and cooperative person who has affected my life without a doubt. He was and is an extremely unique piece of my life. Dumby was additionally an extraordinary motivation to me as well as each individual remaining here today. Dumby had changed my life essentially and I can always remember him. He was somebody with an extraordinary heart which had contacted we all especially yours Mr Tommy Red, Clarence and Mrs Red. I despite everything recollect the first run through where I meet Dumby, in the changing room when he approached me for a coat holder. I was so desirous of him, generally wished I had that executioner grin, amazing ability, an incredible feeling of style and all the stuff to get a girl’s consideration, which I experienced difficulty with. I can always remember when Dumby sought my salvage. Pickles, Dazza, Mark Arks and I had chosen to go to the town. On our way back we some of Tangaratta kids came in the manner, and before I even knew Mad Dog one of the Tangaratta kids, had me in a wrestler's hold and I was going to be crushed into a shaft. Frantic Dog was a skinny, yet solid child who meddled with my companions after we beat them in a game. Each time I attempted to free my head he’d cluck me and rap me on the highest point of the head with his knuckles. I was shouting for help, yet not one of my partners came to help. He before long began turning me, I was feeling dazed, and as I spun around Dumby had Mad Dog in a wrestler's hold and he was crushing him extremely hard, he was dauntless. At that point I understood, I was extraordinarily fortunate to have a mate like him. Dumby was a basic player in our group. The football amazing last, is the place I become progressively obvious about Dumby when he indicated his ability by scoring half of the objectives for the group. He could have effortlessly kicked the last objective through the goal line yet he didn’t, rather he made that go to Clemboy. That’s exactly what Dumby would precisely do; appreciate the triumph with his loved ones and that’s why he was a significant player for the group and an extraordinary athlete. All through my fellowship with Dumby, I became to be aware of his character and the sort of mentalities and qualities he has confidence in. I turned out to be increasingly mindful of the distinctions we have between one another when it was declared that Mark Robertson, Ark Robertson’s child was wining the Best on Ground Award (B. O. G. ). That’s when out of nowhere I recollected that Dumby let me know Clemboy was his cousin and he needed to let him have a go since he hadn’t contacted the ball even once all through the game and this was what I truly loved about him, he would think about everybody with gratefulness and dedication. Despite the fact that I am not the same as every one of you, I accept that we all can positively take in something from Dumby. Dumby has shown us a great deal and despite the fact that he not with genuinely with us any longer, he will even now stay in our souls and consistently search up for us from that serene sky to lead us through our life by turning into our good example. .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab , .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .postImageUrl , .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab , .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab:hover , .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab:visited , .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab:active { border:0!important; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab:active , .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab:hover { obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99 dfb5ee516de70dd4ab .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uf7421ebeb0ba99dfb5ee516de70dd4ab:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Socrates Vs. Crito: EssayEven If we make an endeavor to change our disparities and acknowledge one another, at that point I accept regardless of how huge our disparities are, possibly we could see them changing for the great. I will always remember the time me and Dumby have spent together despite the fact that it was not without a doubt but rather it was the most precious time and the time he had gone through with all the rest his family, we as a whole will consistently keep a spare spot in our souls for those superb recollections. May you perpetually rest in happy harmony. Commendation for Dumby Red As all of you realize we are accumulated here today to impart our last minutes to Dumby Red. My name is Gary Black, they call me blackly down at the point. I am very regarded to be here among every one of you to discuss Dumby, in any case in the event that I wouldn’t have meet Dumby I wouldn’t have had the fortitude to come talk before every one of you. Dumby was the companion who helped me make me fully aware of the most significant things throughout everyday life. He was and consistently will be a fantastic companion, amazing child, sibling, and cooperative person who has affected my life without a doubt. He was and is an extremely exceptional piece of my life. Dumby was additionally an extraordinary motivation to me as well as each individual remaining here today. Dumby had changed my life fundamentally and I can always remember him. He was somebody with an extraordinary heart which had contacted we all especially yours Mr Tommy Red, Clarence and Mrs Red. I despite everything recollect the first run through where I meet Dumby, in the changing room when he approached me for a coat holder. I was so envious of him, generally wished I had that executioner grin, mind boggling ability, an extraordinary feeling of style and all the stuff to get a girl’s consideration, which I experienced difficulty with. I can always remember when Dumby wanted my salvage. Pickles, Dazza, Mark Arks and I had chosen to go to the town. On our way back we some of Tangaratta kids came in the manner, and before I even knew Mad Dog one of the Tangaratta kids, had me in a wrestler's hold and I was going to be crushed into a post. Frantic Dog was a lean, however solid child who meddled with my companions after we beat them in a game. Each time I attempted to free my head he’d cluck me and rap me on the highest point of the head with his knuckles. I was shouting for help, however not one of my colleagues came to help. He before long began turning me, I was feeling bleary eyed, and as I spun around Dumby had Mad Dog in a wrestler's hold and he was crushing him extremely hard, he was courageous. At that point I understood, I was outstandingly fortunate to have a mate like him. Dumby was an exceptionally basic player in our group. The football excellent last, is the place I become increasingly clear about Dumby when he indicated his ability by scoring half of the objectives for the group. He could have handily kicked the last objective through the goal line yet he didn’t, rather he made that go to Clemboy. That’s exactly what Dumby would precisely do; appreciate the triumph with his loved ones and that’s why he was a significant player for the group and an extraordinary athlete. All through my fellowship with Dumby, I became to be aware of his character and the sort of mentalities and qualities he has faith in. I turned out to be increasingly mindful of the distinctions we have between one another when it was declared that Mark Robertson, Ark Robertson’s child was wining the Best on Ground Award (B. O. G. ). That’s when out of nowhere I recalled that Dumby let me know Clemboy was his cousin and he needed to let him have a go since he hadn’t contacted the ball even once all through the game and this was what I truly enjoyed about him, he would think about everybody with gratefulness and commitment. Despite the fact that I am not the same as every one of you, I accept that we all can absolutely take in something from Dumby. Dumby has shown us a ton and despite the fact that he not with truly with us any longer, he will in any case stay in our souls and consistently search up for us from that quiet sky to lead us through our life by turning into our good example. .uf02f4f8b3df63becb9ffe7cae1c09a62 , .uf02f4f8b3df63becb9ffe7cae1c09a62 .postImageUrl , .uf02f4f8b3df63becb9ffe7cae1c09a62 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uf02f4f8b3df63becb9ffe7cae1c09a62 , .uf02f4f8

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Online Nursing Schools Learn How to Offer Hope through Hospice Palliative Care Nursing 2019

When considering hospice palliative care, many professionals immediately think of caring for patients who are close to death and typically suffering from cancer. Graduates of campus and online nursing schools may also imagine a hospice patient as someone who has lost all hope after being told his or her illness is terminal. But according to practicing hospice palliative care nurses, these images are mere myths and fail to encompass the entire function of hospice palliative care nursing. What is Hospice Palliative Care? Graduates of campus and online nursing schools who choose to specialize in hospice palliative care focus on making patients comfortable and as free of pain as possible. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms rather than to cure a terminal disease. In addition to providing pain medications, a hospice palliative care nurse with a campus or online nursing degree may administer a blood transfusion to lesson the patients suffering from dyspnea (difficulty breathing) or may even give antibiotics when pneumonia is causing uncomfortable fever and chills. .ud0fe08af444503a9b0e022612400cc01 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ud0fe08af444503a9b0e022612400cc01:active, .ud0fe08af444503a9b0e022612400cc01:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ud0fe08af444503a9b0e022612400cc01 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ud0fe08af444503a9b0e022612400cc01 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ud0fe08af444503a9b0e022612400cc01 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ud0fe08af444503a9b0e022612400cc01:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The Perks of Joining the World of International Business DegreesContrary to common perceptions, hospice palliative care is for a wider range of individuals than simply terminally ill cancer patients. Alberta RN, an official publication of a group of registered nurses, maintains that hospice palliative care is for any patient at risk of, diagnosed with, or experiencing a life-threatening illness no matter what their prognosis or age. A patient may also voluntarily exit hospice palliative care and return to aggressive medical care at any point in time. Qualities Necessary for Success as a Hospice Palliative Care Nurse Hospice palliative care nurses may assist their patients through the stages of grief and encourage a new focus for hope that is based on feeling good on a day-to-day basis and becoming comfortable with the idea of death. According to the Department of Labor, nurses need to be caring, sympathetic, responsible, and detail-oriented. Registered nurses also need to be emotionally stable in order to deal with job stresses, such as crises, emergencies, and human suffering. Internship and on-the-job training while completing an online program RN to BSN curriculum is necessary to gain the practical work experience required to practice as a hospice palliative care nurse. .u9df6cec7c9a2cece8a6211d9ce81146b { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u9df6cec7c9a2cece8a6211d9ce81146b:active, .u9df6cec7c9a2cece8a6211d9ce81146b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u9df6cec7c9a2cece8a6211d9ce81146b { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u9df6cec7c9a2cece8a6211d9ce81146b .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u9df6cec7c9a2cece8a6211d9ce81146b .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u9df6cec7c9a2cece8a6211d9ce81146b:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ New Jersey Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in New JerseyRequired Education to Practice as a Hospice Palliative Care Nurse Registered nurses may legally practice in the U.S. with a hospital diploma, associate degree, or an RN to BSN degree (bachelor of science in nursing) . However, employers more often prefer to hire nurses who have attended a campus or online nursing program that leads to a bachelor of science in nursing. Particularly for specialized nursing fields, such as hospice palliative care, attending campus or online nursing schools for an RN to BSN degree teaches communication, leadership, and critical thinking skills that are necessary in todays health care environment. Many schools are now offering RN to BSN online programs that have been designed specifically for working registered nurses. Online nursing schools, such as the University of Phoenix, provide academic training in the following areas: Physical Sciences Life Sciences Social Sciences Humanities Other online nursing schools, such as South University, possess degree online RN programs that allow students to specialize in specific areas of nursing, including online nursing degree programs. .u40b1485a77e12ece5dce7c108974cf2c { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u40b1485a77e12ece5dce7c108974cf2c:active, .u40b1485a77e12ece5dce7c108974cf2c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u40b1485a77e12ece5dce7c108974cf2c { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u40b1485a77e12ece5dce7c108974cf2c .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u40b1485a77e12ece5dce7c108974cf2c .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u40b1485a77e12ece5dce7c108974cf2c:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Find Vocational and Trade Online Degree ProgramsThose interested in learning more about online nursing degree options are encouraged to visit College-Pages.com, the education and career resource website. Related ArticlesAccelerated BSN Degree Specialize in Oncology Nursing with a Bachelor of ScienceOnline Nursing Class Programs Employment in Long-Term Care Expected to GrowBachelor Degree in Nursing Online Nephrology Nurses Attend to the Complex Needs of Patients with Kidney DiseaseLPN to BSN Program Graduates Eligible to Practice as Gastroenterology NursesOnline RN to BSN Degree Become Qualified to Work as an Operating Room NurseBachelor Degree Nursing Online Program Forensic Corrections Nurses Provide Needed Treatment to Inmates

How Technology Has Made It Easier For Students - 1269 Words

Education in a Technological World Technology is evolving and is becoming a central need in everyone’s life. It is even being integrated into the education system, changing the way one learns and teaches. An increased reliance on technology as a means to enhance knowledge has decreased the ability to acquire thorough knowledge and develop the power to reason or judge. This is evident in the way technology has made it easier for students to cheat, in how the internet provides wrong learning opportunities and in the way students respond to learning while being engaged with technology. Consider the idea that technology has made it easier for students to cheat due to technological advancements. In Rachel Ellaway’s article eMedical Teacher, enumeration is used to list the effects of digital cheating. For instance, â€Å"three aspects of digital media use that challenge absolutist models of moral rectitude; creative learners, cyborg learners and collaborating learners† (Ellaway 1). Her three arguments are based on three negative types of learners that were born after digital technology became involved in education, which has directly affected a student’s ability to judge ethical consequences of plagiarism. For example, in her first paragraph, she describes creative learners as people that cheat by plagiarizing. Hence, the effect of enumerating gives a logical outlining of arguments that support the main idea. In addition, Ellaway uses appeal to authority to show that the increase inShow MoreRelatedTechnology Is Brain Washing Our Kids !960 Words à ‚  |  4 PagesTechnology is Brain Washing Our Kids! Imagine being a kid in the 1980’s. Kids back in those days would run around outside all day, using their imagination to create imaginary worlds to travel to imaginary places that made way for creative ideas and inventions as they grew older. One of those inventions turned out to be the tablet, the iPhone, or the netbook. Basically anything that made everything easier. 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Which is why San Angelo schools should incorporate more into elementary classrooms. Technology is used for basic actions but can also ma ke activities easier for students. Research shows when technology is integrated into the

Test Of Market Efficiency In Europe Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1861 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Introduction The reigning theory in the financial markets, often referred as efficient markets, is deeply embedded in the way that markets operate (Authers, 2009). Last years turmoil in the financial markets, which started with the problems in the U.S. housing market and was followed by the global credit crisis, has flared up the discussion between the critics about the legitimacy of this theory. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Test Of Market Efficiency In Europe Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order In times of panics and bubbles investors dont behave rational, which is one of the cornerstones of the theory. The theory is central to business schools curriculum and is part of the Chartered Financial Analyst qualification that acts as a gateway to the investment profession. If the theory needs to be abandoned, the effect on investing will be profound (Authers, 2009). An efficient market is defined as a market where there are large numbers of rational, profit-maximizers actively competing, with each trying to predict future market values of individual securities, and where important current information is almost freely available to all participants (Fama, 1965). Fama (1965) states that the instantaneous adjustment property of an efficient market implies that successive price changes in individual securities will be independent. A market where successive price changes in individual securities are independent is, by definition, a random walk market. This implies that a series of stoc k price changes has no memory the past history of the series cannot be used to predict the future in any meaningful way. To every piece of new information to markets will react in a random walk and are therefore not possible to beat. Investors are according to the Efficient Market Hypotheses (EMH) not able to earn above normal returns. Forms of Market Efficiency There are three forms of Market Efficiency: Weak, Semi-Strong, and Strong that explain how quickly the Market will react to new publicly announced information. According to Bodie (2005) the weak form of theory asserts that stock prices already reflect all information that can be derived by examining market trading data such as the history of past prices or trading volume. The weak form theory states that it is impossible for an investor to achieve a positive abnormal return by using these past information. Bodie (2005) states in his book that the Semi-Strong form hypothesis states that all publicly available information regarding the prospects of a firm must be reflected already in the stock price, e.g. past prices, balance sheet composition, accounting practices. This form also makes it impossible to outperform the market. This theory has been tested (Fama, Fisher, Jensen and Roll. 1969) numerous times by examining adjustments of the market to publicly available information, such as announcements. The third form, the strongest one, states that stock prices reflect all information relevant to the firm, even including information available only to company insiders (Bodie, 2005). Mergers Acquisitions Mergers acquisitions (MA) have been the subject of considerable research in financial economics (Morellec, 2005). MA involves the buying, selling, and combining of companies. The acquiring and target companies feel that by joining they can somehow create synergy: the value of the combined firm is greater than the two firms operating separately (Cording, 2002). When MAs are successful and they are announced to the public, it is generally a good thing for shareholders. By joining efforts the company should be able to lower the costs of the company while maintaining revenue, therefore yielding more profit (Ross, 2008). It is widely believed that the introduction of the Euro, the globalization process, technological innovation, deregulation and privatization, as well as the financial markets boom and the surge in liquidity, have all spurred Europe companies to take part in MAs during the last decade (Campa, 2008). All these transactions are under strict regulation in Europe, requiring several approvals to be met, such as the European Commission. The major concerns of these industry regulators is to avoid the creation of monopolies. The combination of the two Gersdorff and Bacon (2009) tested in their paper the market efficiency of Mergers Acquisitions announcements in the U.S. They analyzed the effect of twenty recent mergers and acquisitions announcements on stock prices in the year 2007. The authors found evidence of lingering excess returns after the merger announcement. Although, also evidence supports the semi-strong market efficiency along with a positive signal exhibited by the sample of acquiring firms during the even period (day -30 to day +30). In the study of Liang (2009), whether abnormal returns exist surrounding the announcement day, results show that there is no significant announcement effect over the event period (day -10 to day +10) for U.S. companies, but a significant effect for Chinese companies during the event period. These studies show mixed results according to the efficient markets hypotheses. This hypothesis states that investors should not be able to earn above normal returns in the Market, because all the information should be reflected in the current stock price. In my event study (day -50 to day +50) this particular hypothesis will be tested. The goal is to see if it is possible for investors to achieve a positive, abnormal return, with the announcement of a company merger or acquisition in the European Market. Problem Statement The problem discussed in the introduction about the legitimacy of the Efficient Market Hypotheses concerns the whole universe of financial markets. Some of the assumptions that are fundamental for the theory, e.g. the rationality, and their corresponding implications for market efficiency, have come under attack recently (Lo, 2005). Is the market that efficient as some economist, investors and scholars think? This event study will test the efficiency of markets in Europe in the event period around the announcement of a typical merger or acquisition (MA). The test will be if it is possible for investors to outperform the market (absolute return), with respect to the Semi-Strong form. Therefore the research question is constituted as follows: Is het possible for an investor to outperform the market with the announcement of a merger or acquisition? The study will include about 100 recently stock MA announcement in Europe, and will use the event study methodology. According to the s tudy of Gersdorff and Bacon (2009) two possible outcomes are possible. If the Markets exhibits the movement similar to the company, then the theory of an Efficient Market would hold true and an investor would not be able to receive an above normal return. But if, the firm exceeds the Market for a certain period of time relative to the announcement date, then the possibility of gaining an above normal return may occur, thus possibly challenging the Efficiency Market Theory. Type of research As discussed before this study will be an event study. An event study is concerned with the impact of a particular firm-specific corporate event on company security prices. Event studies measure stock performance that reflects investor opinions concerning the importance and benefit level of the event (Binder, 1998). The event study will include about 100 MA announcements (the sample) in Europe from 2002 till 2007 of target companies (that means not the buying company but the one that will be acquired). Data will be conducted from Thompson Reuters DataStream and Bloomberg (The two worlds largest financial statistical databases). Hypothesis H0: The return of the stock price of the sample of firms announcing a merger or acquisition is not significantly affected by this type of information around the announcement day, as defined by the event period. H1: The return of the stock price of the sample of firms announcing a merger or acquisition is significantly affected by this type of information around the announcement day, as defined by the event period. Methodology / Model The conceptual model / method of the study of Gersdorff and Bacon (2009) will be used. This is line with the event study methodology described in the literature. Part of the authors conclusion in their study is that if a larger sample is taken the signs of equilibrium in the market would probably be more obvious. Therefore in this study a larger sample of firms, longer time series and a different geographically area is taken. The next steps will be followed: Step 1: All information about the stock price and market price within the duration of -181 days to +50 days is conducted of the 100 firms in the sample (Datastream and Bloomberg). Step 2: The holding period return for the firms and the market will be calculated. Step 3: Regression analyses will be performed comparing the actual daily return of each company to the market daily return covering the pre-event period (day -180 to day -50). Where the firm is the dependent variable and the market (e.g. DJ Stoxx 600) the indep endent variable. This regression analyses is done to calculate the intercept alpha and the beta. This is done for each single firm. Step 4: The former step is done to calculate the normal expected returns for the event period. Now the expected return is E(R) = alpha + beta (Rm). Where Rm is the return of the market (e.g. DJ Stoxx 600). Step 5: The Excess return (the absolute return) can now be calculated: The actual return (in the event period) expected return (step 4). Step 6: Average excess returns are calculated in the event period cumulative average excess returns will be calculated. Step 7: Graphs of the average and cumulative returns in the event period are created (for interpretation). Quantitative tests The question is if it is possible for investors to outperform the market? If a new MA deal is announced (the information is made publicly), it would be expected that the actual return would be different than the expected return. With the cumulative average return related to time (event period) there could be seen if it is possible to outperform the market. In the graph (and data) can the impact be seen of the announcement on the stock price. Results of the study can lead to further review of this particular type of MA deals and the effects of the announcement date on a target company. Planning In the table 1 below, an overview of the planning during the study is given. For each weak the table shows which activity is done. The project, as stated in the table, will be finished in June. Table 1: Timeline References ÂÂ · Authors, J. (2009). Wanted: new model for markets. Investment theory. Financial Times, Tuesday Sep. 29,2009. ÂÂ · Binder, J. (1998). The event study methodology since 1969. Review of quantitative finance and accounting, 11. 111-137. ÂÂ · Bodie, Z. (2005). Investments. 6th edition. (Kane and Marcus). McGraw Hill. ÂÂ · Campa, J. (2008). The European MA industry: trends, patterns and shortcomings. Working Paper IESE. 762. ÂÂ · Cording, M. et al. (2002). A focus on resources in MA success: a literature review and research agenda to resolve two paradoxes. Academy of management ÂÂ · Fama, E. (1965). Random Walks in Stock Market Prices. Financial Analysts Journal Sep/Oct ÂÂ · Gersdorff, N. and Bacon, F. (2009). US mergers and Acquisitions: A test of market efficiency. Journal of Finance and Accounting. ÂÂ · Liang, H. (2009). The information implication of merger and acquisition announcements: evidence from the US and China . ÂÂ · Lo, A. (2005). Reconciling Efficient Markets with behavioral finance: the adaptive markets hypothesis. ÂÂ · Morellec, E. (2005). The dynamics of mergers and acquisitions. Journal of financial economics. 77., 649-672. ÂÂ · Ross, S. (2008). Corporate Finance (Stephen, Randolph, Jeffery) 8th edition. US McGraw-Hill.

Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby - 735 Words

The American dreams and hope for women in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald are overpowered by the dreams of men in the novel. Suppression of the American women in the 1920’s is portrayed in the characters: Daisy, Myrtle, and Jordon. Daisy’s American dream is a simple carefree relationship with Gatsby however her marriage with Tom complicates and oppresses her dreams. Daisy feels overpowered by Tom when she tells Nick, â€Å"The best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool† (17). Daisy is aware of Tom’s affair with Myrtle yet she accepts it and seems to be in denial. Daisy feels a girl in the 1920’s can only live a sincere and prosperous life if she is a fool. Daisy feels if a women is clever and looks too deeply into her quality of life then she cannot be content and at peace with herself. On Daisy’s wedding day she gets drunk and spills out her emotions about her future marriage with Tom, slurring, â€Å" Tell’em all Daisy’s change’ her mine† (76). 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Summary Of Soledad Brother By George Jackson - 1431 Words

Hope is a Necessity In a world that is so unpredictable, sometimes there is nothing else that a person can do to make a situation better besides hoping for a good outcome. Hope can have a big impact on the way people view the world, and can potentially save lives. Hope is communicated in many ways, including a variety of art forms, such as literature. Some examples of literature that show how powerful having hope can be are the novel Soledad Brother by George Jackson, the short story Salvation by Langston Hughes, the short story Superheroes, Just for Each Other by Peter S. Goodman and the article Man Needs Hope to Live, by Christopher Kaczor. These literary works show that even the smallest bit of hope can help a person make wiser decisions regarding his or her future, but having no hope for the future leads people to make choices that are ethically wrong. Soledad Brother by George Jackson is a piece of literature that shows that hope can sway a person’s decision about the actions that he or she takes. The novel is written in the stream of consciousness writing style. All the letters that Jackson writes show that he has hatred towards the system in which he is living in. Jackson was sentenced to one year to life in jail. Even though Jackson has some repulsive thoughts about the police officers and their ideas, he does nothing to express his opinion about the police officers, such as starting an argument or fight with the police officers, because he has hope that ifShow MoreRelatedAfrican American Civil Rights Activists: Angela Davis1912 Words   |  8 Pagesexperience in Birmingham, Angela decided to become a activist for civil rights and other social issues. When Davis graduated in 1963 from the University of California San Diego she joined the Black Panthers, to advocate Black equality in the world. III. Summary of Evidence One of the many important dates that relate to Angela Davis in 1969 was when Angela was hired by the Philosophy Department of Ucla as an assistant professor, until she was fired illegally by the regents, due to her association with the

Hunger of Memory ( Richard Rodriguez ) free essay sample

Examines autobiographys pessimistic depiction of differences conflicts among individuals, families groups based on race, socioeconomics, language and religion. Richard Rodriguez, in his autobiography Hunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez, writes about differences between and among individuals and families and other groups in the United States today. These differences are many and are based on race, gender, age, socioeconomics, generational conflicts, and politics. The author is not hopeful about overcoming these differences. He is a man who feels alienated from the world around him, although he is successful in it as a writer. He is a man who often seems to be angry and bitter over his upbringing and his education, and even his success: I am . . . taken by the symbols of leisure and wealth. . . . For me those . . . symbols are reassuring reminders of public success. I tempt vulgarity to be reassured. I am filled with the gaudy delight, the. We will write a custom essay sample on Hunger of Memory ( Richard Rodriguez ) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Causes of Corruption in Public Sector Case Study @Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Prepare a research proposal using appropriate reporting conventions and referencing. In your proposal you are required to select and justify a topic for research relevant to your MSc programme. Your proposal should include a review of current literature and a discussion of your choice of method. Answer: Abstract The article named Causes of Corruption in Public Sector has focused on the facilitators that result in corruption. The issue has become an issue of economic and political significance. Crime has been increasing incessantly and led to the decline of nobility in the public sector. The article reviews the concept and causes of corruption in public sector. Personal observations and data are utilized to explain corruption practices in the public sector because of low risk-high benefits, societal pressure, and a few other factors. Introduction and Background Introduction to the Study The aim of this study is to define and address the causes of corruption that is leading to global impacts. Corruption has a major impact on the political and economic system that affects participation and representation in the society. It should be noted that corruption has been prevalent for decades. Nevertheless, it has been growing aggressively in the global world. The study intends to address the factors that cause corruption in public sector. Corruption affects lives of people at all grounds, as there are people who take undue advantage of their positions. Corruption is an unethical practice that is practiced by officials for their private benefits. There is a need to address the causes of such corruption . Background and Significance of the Study The reason for choosing this as a topic of research is to measure the impact of corruption on public. This paper would help the organizations in assisting with the eradication of such practices. The research is undertaken for having an insight to a wider range of disciplines and potential application of ethical practices. The research could serve prevention of corrupt practices in the public sector if the facilitators or enablers are addressed. There are different casual sequences and contextual factors that contribute to corruption. With the analysis of those factors, ethical practices can be framed, and public can increase their moral faith on public sector organizations. Development of knowledge can help in developing a preventive strategy for anti-corruption . Research Questions/ Hypothesis Every country is ranked on The Transparency International index that determines the level of corruption practiced by a particular country or economy. These rankings are based by several criterions such as embezzlement of public funds, bribery to public servants, the effectiveness of anti-corruption efforts and cuts in government procurement. The rank for every country reveals the lack of accountability from civil servants, an increase in practices and negative changes in the public sector . The main research question for this piece of work is identified as- What are the factors that cause corruption in the public sector? With the identification of facilitators or enablers of public sector corruption, reform measures can be offered for reducing the rate of corruption in public sector. There is hope that these factors can help in resolving the high rates of corruptive practices for making the public sector more efficient and effective. There are other subsidiary questions that are answered in the report- What are the different forms of corruption in the public sector? What are the effects of corruption in the public sector? Why is there a need to take preventive measures against corruption in the public sector? These subsidiary questions help in answering the impacts or ill-effects of corruption in public sector. These factors help would in inducing and materializing the urgency of anti-corruptive policies and procedures. Hypothesis 1- There is a positive relationship between corruption and country risk in the market. It is further assumed that there is a direct and positive relationship between corruption and country risk. Public sectors are meant to serve the public. The officials are public servants. Starting with a few corrupt practices, it forms a slippery slope where people fail to understand the difference between ethical and unethical practices. These practices slowly develop into a slowdown of economic, political and social structures. With every increase in corruption, the risk of country increases and vice versa . Aims and Objectives of the Study The main aims and objectives of this study are threefold stated as under- To explore the causes of corruption in the public sector. To address the issues or potential risks due to public sector corruption To offer a base for taking preventive measures for corruptive practices. The paper helps in the synthesizing literature on corruption by assessing political, economic and social conditions. The study also helps in identifying evidence that corruption exists in financial, social and economic sectors. It is important to highlight the causes of corruption in the public sector because public services are vital to the growth of every country. The roles and responsibilities of every public official are critical as they make or ruin administration of the country. This survey represents a lack of accountability from officials that are not harshly penalized helping them in getting away easily. Methodological Approach This study is a literature review with systematic principles and reviews for a more flexible data analysis method. Data is collected from primary sources such as interviewing and questionnaires. The secondary sources are also used such as journals, newspaper articles, and other relevant academic sources. The data in these sources are collected from either internal or external sources. Quantitative data is collected for showing the increase in corruptive practices. Limitations of the Study For this paper, there were limitations of time and space. Since there was limited time, online surveys and reports have to be considered and not take the local people who are victims of corruption. While the report and studies have contributed to the understanding of corruptive practices and its causes, the biggest limitation lies in measuring corruption through perception indexes. The causal effects of corruptive practices are also difficult to identify that has a risk of biases. The report fails to focus on the forces over government officials that sometimes make them do so. The threats by any other person with a criminal background that has to be faced by government officials are ignored. Definition of Terms Corruption- It is a form of unethical or dishonest conduct by a person for acquiring personal benefit. The person is entrusted with his power or position that is taken undue advantage of, for personal gains. It is the use of legitimate powers for illegitimate private benefits (Doig and Theobald 2013). Bureaucracy- An organization made of several divisions or departments administered by a lot of people is bureaucracy. The administrative body with non-elective officials who frame policies are members of the bureaucracy. The officials who compose the administration are known as bureaucrats (Adler 2012). Literature Review According to Jose Ugaz, Chairman of Transparency International, "Countries at the bottom need to adopt radical anti-corruption measures in favor of their people. Countries at the top of the index should make sure they don't export corrupt practices to underdeveloped countries" (Transparency.org, 2016). In literature, there are distinctions made between causes of corruption relating to salaries, working conditions, and chances of corrupt practice occurrence. There are degrees of corruption such as highly corrupt or less corrupt official. Corruption is the misuse of public position or power for an undue advantage for self or others. There are several instances that contribute or form together as corruptive practices. A few examples or forms are fraud, bribery, embezzlement, and extortion, exchanging goods for information or money, perverting the court of justice and trading in influence. These corrupt conducts can occur through unlawful actions of officials in the public sector for attempting inappropriate functions of the government sector. Certain crime groups seek help or support from public sector officials for gaining access to public funds, protection, information and other services that contribute to criminal activities. Such activities have a serious impact on the industries, government, and national security. These organized crimes usually have multiple consequences as there is a risk of links between the public sector and crime groups. It is challenging to identify and investigate the source of corruption as there is mutual consent between the two involved persons. Hence, it is difficult to trace the corrupt individual (Nur-tegin and Czap 2012). There are six theories that are related to causes of corruption. Public Choice Theory The theory was developed by Gordon Tullock and James Buchanan, who explain the basis of making public decisions. The causal chain is related with an individual making a rational decision for a predetermined outcome. The person making the decision is calculative as he decides to act corruptly because he identifies the number of gains to him would identify the disadvantages. There are situations where the potential benefits due to corruption are greater than the potential disadvantages or costs (Dunleavy 2014). Trust plays an important role in the theory as there are fewer chances of getting caught. The argument applies to a particular situation and not for general determining factors. The theory does not account for triggering sources within a particular situation. This theory usually involves the interaction of politicians, voting public, political action committees and bureaucracies (Dreher and Gassebner 2011). Bad apple theory The theory focuses on seeking the cause of faulty moral character within people. These faults are called bad-apples in the theory. The cause of corruption is because of defective moral values such as greed. These characteristic features predispositions a person towards criminal activity and corruptive practices. According to this theory, wrong values are the cause of corruption. The official is after material gain such as money, higher social standing, etc. This theory is usually applicable for police officers as they have to fulfill public expectations. The theory is hardly based on empirical claims. Social control theory may apply for controlling corruption by changing moral beliefs and aspirations (Gottschalk 2011). Organizational culture theories The literature determines the corruption by organizational structure and systems, but not individuals who perform corrupt practices. There are certain features or unethical practices in the organization that forms a corrupt culture with underlying assumptions, norms, and values. The theory determines that there are certain conditions or systems in the organization that leads to corruption. There are dynamics that transcend individuals. The theory believes that an once an organizational culture is corrupt, every person in the organization are under the risk of becoming corrupt (Campbell and Gritz 2013). Clashing moral values theories The literature differentiates between private obligations and public role of corrupt officials. It is caused due to influence of values and norms of society. These values and norms held by the society make the individuals make them corrupt. For instance, gift giving is highly valued and pervasive in the private sector. Morality plays an important role in causing corruption. Values help in determining behavior. There are situations where the values of the family are stronger that help in making a good official; the resources are often used to benefit the family or any other personal interest group. Officials may feel obliged to help their personal interest group due to a clash between morality and ethical responsibility. The macro morality requires the officials to treat people differently whereas micro morality requires the officials to help their close ones wherever possible (Fukuyama 2014). The ethos of public administration theories This theory is closely linked with organizational culture theories except for concern towards culture in society. The political and economic structures are studied in this theory. The theory creates societal pressure through levels of the organization. There is a lack of focus and attention on organizational effectiveness. If certain public sectors are reformed, there is a chance that the administration becomes hollow. The new structure or reform may lack fundamental values. In these situations, the public officials do not aim to serve the greater good of society. The literature focuses on the morality of society being wrong. The situations are usually encountered in emerging democracies (Salminen and Mntysalo 2013). Correlation theories The correlation model considers all possible aspects such as individual, societal and organizational levels. This theory does not study individual cases but considers macro-variables such as poverty, organized crime, the income of public servants, political stability, and democracy. The income of a country is directly linked with political and economic systems. Corruption is associated with the values and norms of individual politicians and civil servants, the lack of commitment to the public integrity of leadership, organizational problems and failures, the relationship between the public sector and business, and the strength of organized crime (Balan and Knack 2012). Research Methodology and Analysis Research Methodology The data was also collected through primary research method of personal interviewing and questionnaire. The questions were asked to the respondents in the same manner. The method of interviewing was chosen because an instant reaction could be observed on their face and there was less chance of hiding information. The data is mainly collected from secondary sources such as newspaper articles, academic journals, and other reliable sources. Major data and findings are collected from the survey conducted by Transparency Internationals global corruption barometer. Sampling For primary data, the sample size was chosen as 50 respondents out of which 26 people were public servants. The number of respondents was sufficient to provide information on common causes of corruption. The secondary data is collected for 114,000 people in 107 countries across the world through Transparency Internationals global corruption barometer (Evans 2013). Ethical Considerations The process of data collection had several ethical considerations such as non-voluntary participation of people. The respondents were not forced to provide information or involve in interviewing process. No names are quoted in the report and confidentiality is maintained through data processing. Discussion and Implications Data Findings According to the primary data analysis, 35% respondents considered poor salaries to be a major cause of corruption. Personal greed, civil society contribution, lack of accountability were other responses contributing to the remaining 65%. According to the reports of Transparency International's Global Corruption Barometer 2013, there has been an increase in corruption by 65% where a primary reason has been a bribe. The investigations further state that there has been an increasing in paying bribes to 5% in the year 2013 (Evans 2013). Across the world, the government has made efforts that have been reducing over the years. It was reported that the efforts reduced to 22% from 31% in 2013. 78% of the Egyptians reported that the police were either corrupt or extremely corrupt (Evans 2013). According to the report by HM Inspectorate of Constabulary, UK had an increase in some corrupt police officers (Evans 2013). One person in 20 claims to have paid a bribe in the past year to access public services ranging from health and education to justice in Britain (Darbyshire 2015). The media and politicians were most corrupt reporting up to 69 percent and 66 percent (Owen 2013). Critical Discussion Corruption is a destructive force that has affected countries across the world. Crime is caused by many factors such as lack of accountability, low salaries, political instability, insecure officials, personal ambition or greed, working conditions and civil society contribution. Corruption is a social phenomenon that 's hard to define. The abuse of power for personal gain is corruption. Public sector corruption varies according to geographical locations. Corruption has various forms such as bribery, embezzlement, fraud, transfer of information, intimidation, extortion, nepotism, conflict of interest, abuse of power, money laundering, identity theft and illegal contributions. These are the forms of corruption in the public sector as they are the most common means for getting the work done (Koudelkov and Senichev 2015). The Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index has been available since 1995 and has been used extensively as the basis for indicators of the extent and likelihood of corruption in a given location. There are countries that had an unstable political stability due to human rights abuses. These factors lead to a decline in political interference and real wages. These factors gave rise to necessities in taking bribes. The level of social trust in a particular context is an external factor that has not received as much attention but has been observed to have an economic and political impact (Cooper 2012). The non-compliance to formal procedures and inexperienced officials centrally pursued corruption. There is a high incidence of poverty, rising costs of living and economic hardships that force public officials to seek bribes. It becomes difficult for the workers to follow norms and high ideals of integrity. There are times and situations when the higher officials felt insecure and threatened because of job security. These conditions force the officials to plunder a mass of opportunity with a fear of getting thrown out of office. There are personal greed and ambition involved with people. There are unrestrained desires of getting rich or having a dilemma of keeping their families under private benefits (Ijewereme 2015). Future Implications The research or causal factors can help in framing anti-corruptive practices. These factors must be addressed by the government and measures must be taken to resolving issues. The needs and factors that would eliminate corruption in the public sector must be addressed and taken into consideration. The causes of crime can also be used for providing future recommendations that would build a zero tolerance institution (Cooper 2012). Conclusion The article reviews the concept and causes of corruption in public sector. Corruption undermines the growth of a sound economic base which is the hallmark of the substance of the democratic culture. In its various forms corruption results in the malfunctioning of the economic system which in term effects such things as increased National debt, failed development projects and increased the poverty of the people. The aim of this study is to define and address the causes of corruption that is leading to global impacts. Corruption has a major impact on the political and economic system that affects participation and representation in the society. Every country is ranked on The Transparency International index that determines the level of corruption practiced by a particular country or economy. These rankings are based by several criterions such as embezzlement of public funds, bribery to public servants, the effectiveness of anti-corruption efforts and cuts in public procurement. References Adler, P., 2012. PERSPECTIVEThe Sociological Ambivalence of Bureaucracy: From Weber via Gouldner to Marx.Organization Science, 23(1), pp.244-266. Balan, D. and Knack, S., 2012. The correlation between human capital and morality and its effect on economic performance: Theory and evidence.Journal of Comparative Economics, 40(3), pp.457-475. Campbell, J. and Gritz, A., 2013. Culture Corrupts! A Qualitative Study of Organizational Culture in Corrupt Organizations.J Bus Ethics, 120(3), pp.291-311. Cooper, J., 2012. Noble cause corruption as a consequence of role conflict in the police organisation.Policing and Society, 22(2), pp.169-184. Darbyshire, N., 2015.The shocking truth about police corruption in Britain. [online] The Spectator. Available at: https://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/03/the-shocking-truth-about-police-corruption-in-britain/ [Accessed 24 Jan. 2016]. Department for International Development, 2015.Why corruption matters: understanding causes, effects and how to address them. [online] Available at: https://Why corruption matters: understanding causes, effects and how to address them [Accessed 24 Jan. 2016]. Doig, A. and Theobald, R., 2013.Corruption and democratisation. London: Frank Cass. Dreher, A. and Gassebner, M., 2011. Greasing the wheels? The impact of regulations and corruption on firm entry.Public Choice, 155(3-4), pp.413-432. Dunleavy, P., 2014.Democracy, bureaucracy and public choice. 3rd ed. New York: Harvester. Evans, B., 2013.UK corruption getting worse poll finds as one in 20 Britons admit to bribing public service officials. [online] Mail Online. Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2358665/UK-corruption-getting-worse-poll-finds-20-Britons-admit-bribing-public-service-officials.html [Accessed 24 Jan. 2016]. Fukuyama, F., 2014.State-building: Governance and World Order in the Twenty-First-Century. 3rd ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. Gottschalk, P., 2011. White-Collar Crime and Police Crime: Rotten Apples or Rotten Barrels?.Crit Crim, 20(2), pp.169-182. Huberts, L., 2014.Integrity of governance. Ijewereme, O., 2015. Anatomy of Corruption in the Nigerian Public Sector: Theoretical Perspectives and Some Empirical Explanations.SAGE Open, 5(2). Ijewereme, O., 2015. Anatomy of Corruption in the Nigerian Public Sector: Theoretical Perspectives and Some Empirical Explanations.SAGE Open, 5(2). Koudelkov, P. and Senichev, V., 2015. Mix Research Approach towards Corruption Experts Perception: Challenges and Limitations.Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, pp.39-47. Nur-tegin, K. and Czap, H., 2012. Corruption: Democracy, Autocracy, and Political Stability.Economic Analysis and Policy, 42(1), pp.51-66. Owen, J., 2013.Britain's bribery boom: One in 20 has bribed a public official as. [online] The Independent. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/britains-bribery-boom-one-in-20-has-bribed-a-public-official-as-corruption-rises-8696181.html [Accessed 24 Jan. 2016]. Palermo, T., 2014. Accountability and Expertise in Public Sector Risk Management: A Case Study.Financial Accountability Management, 30(3), pp.322-341. Ramady, M., 2013.Political, economic and financial country risk. Salminen, A. and Mntysalo, V., 2013. Exploring the Public Service Ethos.Public Integrity, 15(2), pp.167-186. Transparency.org, 2016.Transparency International - The Global Anti-Corruption Coalition. [online] Available at: https://www.transparency.org/ [Accessed 24 Jan. 2016]. Yeboah-Assiamah, E., Asamoah, K., Bawole, J. and Musah-Surugu, I., 2016. A socio-cultural approach to public sector corruption in Africa: key pointers for reflection.Journal of Public Affairs, p.n/a-n/a.